⚔️ 托管钱包
托管和非托管加密钱包之间的关键决定性特征在于谁最终控制着它的私钥。
私钥是证明谁拥有钱包,最重要的是,证明谁拥有里面的资金所需的关键信息。
持有私钥的人控制着钱包。您可以把它们看作是正门的钥匙。如果有人拿了您的房屋钥匙,他们可能会进入您的家,拿走家里的物品,因此一定保护好您的钥匙。
您可以在我们的文章 加密货币如何运用密码学?中了解更多关于私钥的信息。
对于托管钱包,私钥由第三方管理。这涉及到充分信任中介机构来代表您安全地保管您的资金。
托管钱包的优缺点
将私钥的控制权让与第三方的主要优点就是方便。对于那些不是特别精通技术或对保护自己的数字资产没有信心的加密货币用户来说,委托一家公司来做这件事有助于缓解相关压力。
依靠第三方托管您资产的明显缺点就是将面临潜在的外部安全漏洞、欺诈、无力偿还、审查和服务变更(取消对某些资产的支持)等问题。
👜 托管钱包服务的示例
托管钱包通常包含所有基于交易平台的中心化钱包,包括用于保管 Kraken 上的资金的钱包,以及其他支持加密货币的金融科技和支付平台。
在这些情况下,公司本身将代替您持有私钥,并全权负责其安全性。
⚔️ 非托管钱包
对于非托管钱包,存储和保护私钥的责任完全在于钱包所有者。这意味着,如果您选择自己保管资产,就必须独自承担起确保资产得到妥善存储并防止其遭受网络和物理威胁的责任。
使用非托管钱包时,系统会提示您复制私钥和恢复短语等敏感信息。后者是指一系列随机单词,当以正确的顺序输入到新设备中时,会自动将您的加密钱包及其包含的所有资金迁移到新设备。
这是一种备份措施,以防存储您的非托管加密钱包的设备丢失、泄露或损坏。
非托管钱包的优缺点
保持对钱包私钥的独家控制权意味着您不必担心因第三方过错而失去对资金的访问权限。
硬件钱包还有一个额外的好处,那就是只要设备没有连接到笔记本电脑或电脑,您的资金就可以完全离线。这减少了网络黑客访问您的加密资产的机会,也意味着您只需担心设备的物理安全。
自我托管资产的主要缺点在于您将全权负责复制和保护自己的敏感信息。任何输入错误、密码错误或设备丢失都将导致您无法访问自己的资金。
这就是为什么使用非托管钱包服务或设备的人员一定要在纸上复制他们的敏感信息或将其刻在金属板上,并分散到多个位置。这样,如果一份副本丢失或存储位置受损(房屋火灾、洪水等),您还可以选择备选方案。
如果您持有大量加密货币,最好将金额分散到多个硬件设备上以便进一步分散风险。
最后,在选择托管钱包和非托管钱包时,您需要权衡对您来说最重要的是什么,是便利性还是安全性。
如果是前者,那么在 Kraken 上持有加密货币等托管选项可能更适合您的需求。如果后者更重要,那么硬件钱包设备或基于网络的非托管解决方案可能会成为更好的选择。
👜 非托管钱包服务的示例
非托管钱包包括任何类型的冷钱包解决方案,或“硬件钱包”,例如 Ledger、KeepKey 或 Trezor 设备。这些是离线存储私钥的物理加密钱包设备,并且被广泛认为是存储加密货币资产最安全的解决方案。如果拥有硬件钱包,建议将其放在安全的位置,例如保险箱或保险柜中,以最大限度地提高安全性。
还有基于网络的非托管钱包,例如 Coinbase 钱包、MetaMask 和 Trust 钱包。在这些示例中,用户保留了对私钥的控制权,而他们的资产则托管在第三方冷钱包中。
Kraken 的加密货币指南
- What is 0x? (ZRX)
- What is 1inch? (1INCH)
- What is Aave? (AAVE)
- What Is Aavegotchi? (GHST)
- What is Acala? (ACA)
- What is Akash? (AKT)
- What is Akropolis? (AKRO)
- What is Algorand? (ALGO)
- What is Ampleforth? (AMPL)
- What is Ankr? (ANKR)
- What is Aragon? (ANT)
- What is Arweave? (AR)
- What is Audius? (AUDIO)
- What is Augur? (REP)
- What is Avalanche? (AVAX)
- What is Axie Infinity? (AXS)
- What is Badger DAO (BADGER)?
- What is Balancer? (BAL)
- What is Bancor? (BNT)
- What is Band Protocol? (BAND)
- What is Basic Attention Token? (BAT)
- What is Bifrost? (BNC)
- What is BitTorrent? (BTT)
- What is Bitcoin? (BTC)
- What is Taproot?
- What is the Bitcoin white paper?
- What is Bitcoin Cash? (BCH)
- What is Reddit's BRICK token?
- What is Cardano? (ADA)
- What is Cartesi? (CTSI)
- What is Celo? (CELO)
- What is Celsius? (CEL)
- What is Centrifuge? (CFG)
- What is Chainlink? (LINK)
- What is Chiliz? (CHZ)
- What is Compound? (COMP)
- What Is Convex? (CVX)
- What is Cosmos? (ATOM)
- What is Covalent? (CQT)
- What is Curve? (CRV)
- What is Dai? (DAI)
- What is Dash? (DASH)
- What is Decentraland? (MANA)
- What is Decred? (DCR)
- What is DigiByte? (DGB)
- What is district0x? (DNT)
- What is Dogecoin? (DOGE)
- What is EOSIO? (EOS)
- What is Energy Web Token? (EWT)
- What is Enjin? (ENJ)
- What is Enzyme Finance? (MLN)
- What is Ethereum? (ETH)
- What is Ethereum Classic? (ETC)
- What is Ethereum Name Service? (ENS)
- What is Fantom? (FTM)
- What is Filecoin? (FIL)
- What is Flow? (FLOW)
- What is Gala Games? (GALA)
- What is Genshiro? (GENS)
- What Is GensoKishi Metaverse? (MV token)
- What is Gnosis? (GNO)
- What is Golem? (GNT)
- What is Handshake? (HNS)
- What is Hedera Hashgraph? (HBAR)
- What is Icon? (ICX)
- What is Injective? (INJ)
- What is Internet Computer Protocol? (ICP)
- What is Karura? (KAR)
- What is Kava? (KAVA)
- What is Keep Network? (KEEP)
- What is Kintsugi? (KINT)
- What is Kusama? (KSM)
- What is Kyber Network? (KNC)
- What is Lisk? (LSK)
- What is Litecoin? (LTC)
- What Is Livepeer? (LPT)
- What is Loopring? (LRC)
- What is MakerDAO? (MKR)
- What is Mina Protocol? (MINA)
- What is Mirror Protocol (MIR)?
- What is Monero? (XMR)
- What is Reddit's MOON token?
- What is Moonriver? (MOVR)
- What is MultiversX? (EGLD)
- What is Nano? (NANO)
- What is NEAR Protocol? (NEAR)
- What is Neo? (NEO)
- What is NuCypher? (NU)
- What is Numeraire? (NMR)
- What is OMG Network? (OMG)
- What is Ocean Protocol? (OCEAN)
- What is Orca? (ORCA)
- What is Orchid? (OXT)
- What is Origin? (OGN)
- What is Oxygen (OXY)?
- What is Paxos Gold? (PAXG)
- What is Perpetual Protocol? (PERP)
- What is Phala Network? (PHA)
- What is Polkadot? (DOT)
- What is Polygon? (MATIC)
- What is Qtum? (QTUM)
- What is Quant? (QNT)
- What is RMRK? (RMRK)
- What is Rarible? (RARI)
- What is Ravencoin? (RVN)
- What is Raydium? (RAY)
- What is Ren? (REN)
- What is Render (RENDER)?
- What is Revain? (REV)
- What is Secret Network? (SCRT)
- What is Serum? (SRM)
- What is Shiden? (SDN)
- What is Siacoin? (SC)
- What is Solana? (SOL)
- What is Songbird? (SGB)
- What is Stacks (STX)?
- What is Star Atlas? (ATLAS)
- What is Stellar? (XLM)
- What is Storj? (STORJ)
- What is SushiSwap? (SUSHI)
- What is Swipe? (SXP)
- What is Synthetix? (SNX)
- What is THORChain? (RUNE)
- What is Tether? (USDT)
- What is Tezos? (XTZ)
- What is The Graph? (GRT)
- What is The Sandbox? (SAND)
- What is Theta? (THETA)
- What is Tron? (TRX)
- What is USDC? (USDC)
- What is Uniswap? (UNI)
- What is VeChain? (VET)
- What is Waves? (WAVES)
- What is Woo Network? (WOO)
- What is Wrapped Bitcoin? (wBTC)
- What is XRP? (XRP)
- What is Yam Protocol? (YAM)
- What is Zcash? (ZEC)
- What is Zilliqa? (ZIL)
- What is tBTC?
- What is yearn.finance? (YFI)