Wertspeicher

Der Begriff „Wertspeicher“ wird oft im Zusammenhang mit Bitcoin verwendet, aber was bedeutet er eigentlich? 

Zunächst einmal kann jedes Asset als Wertspeicher betrachtet werden, wenn man davon ausgehen kann, dass es seine Kaufkraft behält. Das bedeutet, dass „Wertspeicher“-Assets im Wert stabil bleiben oder sogar steigen sollten und gleichzeitig auch in Zukunft nützlich bleiben. 

Es gibt zwar verschiedene Eigenschaften, die für gute Wertspeicher typisch sind, aber nicht alle müssen zwingend erfüllt sein.

• Akzeptanz: Der Wert des Assets wird von einem großen Teil des Marktes anerkannt.
• Haltbarkeit: Das Asset wird voraussichtlich jederzeit vom Markt akzeptiert.
• Liquidität: Das Asset kann leicht in eine Vielzahl anderer Assets umgewandelt werden. 
• Knappheit: Das Angebot des Assets ist quantifizierbar und wird wahrscheinlich nicht wesentlich steigen.

Wertspeicher-Assets werden von eher risikoaversen Investoren genutzt, da ihre zentrale Anlageidee darin besteht, dass es eine dauerhaft stabile Nachfrage nach diesem Asset gibt.
 

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Now that you have an overview of what a store of value is, it is important to note that investors tend to diversify their wealth among different stores of value.

Let's dive into some store of value examples.

The most common example of a store of value remains traditional government monies thanks to their durability, liquidity, portability and acceptability. 

Importantly, currencies are able to retain purchasing power over time while being the most liquid medium of exchange, meaning that anyone can exchange it for goods and services at any time. 

Of note, government currencies do tend to slowly lose purchasing power due to inflation (caused by the continued increase of their circulating supplies), a fact which has led to criticisms against government monies by cryptocurrency and bitcoin proponents. 

It should also be noted that most government currencies benefit from a lack of market competition, as laws and regulations often stipulate commerce occurring within a nation’s borders be conducted with a specific currency. 

Precious metals, such as gold, silver and platinum, are the most commonly used stores of value due to their scarcity, durability and acceptability.

Economies have historically used precious metals to facilitate trade, with many countries initially backing their paper currencies with these naturally occurring commodities. 

Under the “gold standard,” a consumer could even redeem their government money for ounces of gold whenever they wished to. However, most governments today no longer adhere to the gold standard.

Bitcoin is perceived as a strong store of value due to its scarcity, transferability and durability. 

In fact, Bitcoin is often referred to as “digital gold” as it shares many of the same features as its precious metal counterpart. Bitcoin as digital gold is viewed as more divisible and fungible than traditional gold assets. 

Another important characteristic is its ability to operate as a good medium of exchange globally, thanks to its divisibility and scarcity. Unlike any other digital goods before it, Bitcoin was able to trade on an open market with the guarantee it could not be copied or spent twice.

Over time, there have been countless attempts at stores of value, ranging from sea shells to barrels of whiskey to anything in between. 

Today, a popular form of store of value can be found in collectibles, such as trading cards and real estate, which are both scarce and desirable in their respective markets. 

Taking it a step further, there is a growing demand for the digital version of collectibles called non-fungible tokens (NFT), unique cryptographic tokens representing these collectibles, which, like cryptocurrencies, can be bought, sold and exchanged over the internet without middlemen.

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Wenn du mehr darüber erfahren möchtest, was Bitcoin und NFTs zu einem guten Wertspeicher macht, besuche die Seiten „Was ist Bitcoin?“ und „Was sind Non-Fungible Token?“ im Kraken Learn Center. 

Wenn du mehr über andere Kryptowährungen erfahren möchtest, kannst du auch die Seite Kryptoleitfäden von Kraken besuchen und dir aktuelle Kryptopreise ansehen.